What is an appropriate recommendation for a patient prescribed an SSRI?

The appropriate recommendation for a patient prescribed a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) is to avoid grapefruit juice. Grapefruit juice can interfere with the metabolism of many medications due to its effect on cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver, particularly CYP3A4. This interaction can lead to increased levels of the SSRI in the bloodstream, potentially resulting in adverse effects or toxicity. Therefore, advising patients to avoid grapefruit juice helps ensure the medication is processed correctly and maintains its effectiveness without unexpected side effects.

In contrast, the other options may not universally apply to all SSRIs. For instance, while some SSRIs can be taken on an empty stomach for better absorption, others can be taken with food to minimize gastrointestinal upset. Similarly, limiting physical activity is not a standard recommendation for patients on SSRIs; many people can engage in regular exercise unless otherwise advised by their healthcare provider. Lastly, while some SSRIs are taken once daily, the time of day (morning versus night) can depend on individual tolerability, side effects, and the specific medication prescribed, making it less of a blanket recommendation.