Which drug class is known to potentially cause carcinogenic effects in elderly patients?

Estrogens are known to potentially cause carcinogenic effects in elderly patients primarily due to their role in promoting cell proliferation in hormone-sensitive tissues. The link between estrogen exposure and certain types of cancer, particularly breast and endometrial cancer, has been well-documented.

In older patients, the risks associated with hormone replacement therapy or the use of estrogen for various conditions need to be carefully evaluated. As the body ages, the metabolism and clearance of drugs can change, increasing the potential for long-term exposure to estrogens and, consequently, the associated risks for developing cancer.

The other drug classes listed do not have a similar established connection with carcinogenic effects in the elderly. For instance, while some antidepressants can have side effects, their relationship with cancer is not as direct or well-established as it is with estrogens. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are primarily associated with gastrointestinal effects and have not shown strong carcinogenic potential. Antibiotics, while they can alter flora and create other health issues, are not classified based on carcinogenic risks. Thus, estrogens stand out as a drug class that requires particular caution regarding cancer risk in older adults.