Which of the following are gliptins used to treat Type 2 diabetes?

Gliptins, also known as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, specifically target the incretin hormones that help regulate blood sugar levels. They work by enhancing the body’s own ability to control blood glucose levels, particularly post-meal spikes, without causing significant weight gain or leading to hypoglycemia, which can be a problem with other types of diabetes medications.

The correct answer includes Linagliptin, Saxagliptin, and Sitagliptin, which are all classified as DPP-4 inhibitors. These medications are specifically designed for the management of Type 2 diabetes and are commonly prescribed for this purpose due to their effectiveness and favorable safety profile. They help increase insulin secretion in response to meals and decrease glucagon production, thereby lowering blood glucose levels.

In contrast, the other choices include medications that are used for diabetes management but do not fall under the category of gliptins. For instance, insulin and Metformin are foundational treatments for Type 2 diabetes but operate through different mechanisms. Insulin provides exogenous insulin to lower blood glucose, while Metformin primarily increases insulin sensitivity and decreases hepatic glucose production. Similarly, Glipizide, Glyburide, and Glime